Access | A popular desktop DBMS by Microsoft. |
DB2 | A major DBMS from IBM. |
MySQL | A popular, open-source, RDBMS. |
Oracle | Perhaps the most extensive (and expensive) (OR)DBMS. |
PostgreSQL | A popular, open-source, ORDBMS. |
SQL Server | A RDBMS by Microsoft for servers. |
DBMS | DataBase Management System |
hierarchical DBMS | |
network DBMS | |
ODBMS | Object-Oriented DBMS (also OODBMS). |
OODBMS | Object-Oriented DBMS (also ODBMS). |
ORDBMS | Object-Relational DBMS. A hybrid of the two technologies. |
RDBMS | Relational DBMS. This is the principle type of DBMS in use today. |
crow's foot notation | A system of symbols for indicating multiplicity in relational diagrams. |
ERD | Entity Relation Diagram. |
cardinality | Same as multiplicity. |
connectivity | Same as cardinality or multiplicity. A few authors distinguish between these terms, but many don't. |
many-to-many | Many-to-many relationships can not be directly represented in a relational database, but are replaced by a bridging table. |
multiplicity | Same as cardinality. |
one-to-many | The most common type of relation where many foreign key values can reference a primary key. |
one-to-one | For each primary key there is at most one corresponding foreign key in a referencing table. Commonly used to implement subset relationships or lookup tables. |
participation | optional or mandatory. |
recursive | A relationship between a table and itself. Same as self-referential. Commonly used for a part-of relationship or a tree hierarchy. |
relational diagram | Same as relational schema. |
relational schema | Same as relational diagram. |
attribute | Same as column. |
bridge table | A table needed to implement a M:N relationship between two other tables in a RDBMS. Typically has a composite key using the primary keys of the two other tables. |
calculated attribute | Same as derived attribute |
composite key | A key composed of more than one field. |
data type | Same as domain. |
derived attribute | Same as calculated attribute |
domain | The possible values that an attribute may have, eg, INTEGER. Same as data type. |
entity | Entity has two interpretations. It can mean a record or a table. It has the table meaning in Entity Relation Diagram and bridge entity. |
file | Same as table. |
foreign key | A field which links to the primary key. |
index | A file used internally by the database to speed access to records. An index is usually generated automatically for primary and foreign keys. A user may request other fields that are searched to be indexed. |
key | A value which is used to link two or more tables. |
NULL | Value often used to indicate optional, missing, or unknown value. |
primary key | The unique value which distinguishes every record. |
record | Same as row, tuple. |
row | Same as record, tuple. |
table | Same as file. |
tuple | Same as record, row. |
Cartesian product | Same as cross product. |
cross product | Table formed by joining all possible combinations of the rows of two other tables. This is the basis for most joins (default or inner join). Same as Cartesian product. |
DDL | Data Definition Language - a language used to define tables, etc. SQL is an example of a DDL. |
DML | Data Manipulation Language - a language used to access a database. SQL is an example of a DML. |
join | To combine two or more tables. |
query | A search of a database. In SQL the SELECT command is used for queries. |
SQL | Structured Query Language. Pronounced either ess-queue-ell or sequel |
DBA | DataBase Administrator |
data dictionary | The metadata about a database. This is, of course, kept in a database, often in the system catalog. |
metadata | Data about a database, eg the names of the tables and attributes, the attribute domains, etc. This information is typically in the data dictionary. |
referential integrity | For every foreign key value there must be a corresponding primary key value. |
system catalog | Metadata database which has information about all databases in DBMS. |